Climate Change

The New Wave spurred a new interest among writers to consider the ramifications of climate change initiated by mankind. Often centered on narratives of atomic energy or atomic weapons, these works ask what earth and mankind would look like after catastrophe. Climate fiction, as a genre, only became popularly known as 'cli-fi' in the last few decades, since the ramifications of the Anthropocene became unavoidable in popular discourse.

The "New Wave" era only represents one stage in the growth of science fiction narratives on the relationship between humans and their ecosystems. The effects of technology on the environment pervade all science fiction, but after the "Golden Age" fantasies of climate events as monstrous and beyond the control of humans, works by J.G. Ballard and lesser known authors during the "New Wave" era showcased the rising concern with humanity's responsibility for climate change. Works like Frank Herbert's Dune (1965) and Joanna Russ' Picnic in Paradise (1968), on the other hand, explore alternate worlds where Earthly tensions between environmental exploitation and social harmony can be explored through a fantastical prism.